Are educational institutions doomed to disappear in the future?

23

October

2017

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When most people think about a combination of education and AI, the result is overwhelmingly that they end up talking about how combining Virtual Reality with education can provide an enhanced experience to students because it allows them to actually interact with the material that they are learning about instead of just reading about it in a book. As Graeme Lawrie, Director of Innovation and Outreach at the U.K.-based Sevenoaks School put it “We are moving away from simply ‘learning’ a subject or topic to ‘feeling’ the content” (Lawrie, 2017). While this development can indeed open up new possibilities that sound exciting, this is most likely something that is applicable in the not-so-distant future. But what about the more distant future?

There are two ideas that have been proposed by two of the greatest innovators of our time. Yes, I am talking about Ray Kurzweil and Elon Musk.

The first idea was proposed by Ray Kurzweil in 2014 at a TED talk and he called the concept “hybrid thinking”. Basically, what he envisions is that twenty years from now (or I should say seventeen years from now as we are in 2017), we will be able to put nanobots in our brains that would serve as a synthetic extension of our neocortex that would allow our brains to be connected to the cloud so that we can have more brainpower.

The second idea was proposed by Elon Musk in 2016 at the Code Conference and he called the concept a “neural lace”. To explain it in simple terms, the idea is that a very small rolled up “mesh” (think of it as a tiny net) will be injected into the skull that then unravels itself to encompass the entire brain (Mercer, 2017). This will consequently, just like Kurzweil’s idea allow to brain to communicate with computer devices and the internet.

These ideas are generally being thought of as having the ability to help people that have really bad diseases such as Alzheimer and Parkinson’s disease.

However, think of how the application of such technology could disrupt the education system in the future. Because these technologies have yet to be fully developed and will most likely be very expensive at first when they are to the majority of the population, the idea that I’m proposing will certainly not be feasible for another 50 years. But imagine a future where such technologies are mass marketed and where young people can have access to them just as easily as we are able to buy our smartphones today. Having these technologies linking our brain to the internet, it will be possible to download and upload any information that we want between our brains and the cloud. This means that we could literally download any information that we are interested in to our brains. There will be no more need to go to school/college/university through the degree programs as we will be able to just download the information that a course provides to our brains and just know all the material in an instant.

The abovementioned development is certain to make most present state educational institutions obsolete, and I predict that this will cause almost all of education to shift their focus to innovation and entrepreneur courses, considering how only the discovery of new information will be relevant and not the remembering of old information.

Do you also see such a development happening in 50-100 years? Or do you think that these things will happen much sooner or maybe not even happen at all? Please leave your thoughts in the comments!

References

Mercer, C. (2017). What is neural lace? Retrieved October 22, 2017 from: https://www.techworld.com/data/what-is-neural-lace-3657074/

TED. (2014, June 2). Ray Kurzweil: Get ready for hybrid thinking. Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PVXQUItNEDQ

Recode. (2016, June 2). We are already cyborgs | Elon Musk | Code Conference 2016. Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZrGPuUQsDjo

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Unsupervised AI: A future inspiration source for humans?

23

October

2017

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AlphaGo, a computer program designed by Google’s DeepMind specifically for the purpose of playing “Go” – a board game invented in China more than 2000 years ago – first beat one of the world’s best players at the game in 2016 and after that also beat the world’s best Go player Ke Jie in May of this year. The AlphaGo program was built and taught using the “Supervised Learning” technique of Machine Learning. Supervised Learning basically means that you give the program a lot of examples of the correct solution that correspond to a certain problem – a given input X corresponds to a given output Y – so that it can learn from it (Brynjolfsson & McAfee, 2017).

Supervised Learning is a very useful technique as it can endow programs with the ability to master tasks at a level beyond what humans are capable of achieving. This technique however, has its limits. Programs that use supervised learning rely on data sets that have been pre-labeled by humans, meaning that the program will be limited to following a path predetermined by humans. In a way this can be seen as the machine’s approach to learning being inspired/guided by humans.

However, maybe in the future this can be exactly the other way around! As many of you may already know, the counterpart to supervised learning is unsupervised learning. Continuing the story of AlphaGo, another version of this program was later built called AlphaGo Zero, which learned using the Unsupervised Learning technique. Using this technique, the program is only given a set up inputs (X) without having these correspond to any predetermined output (Y). In the case of AlphaGo Zero this means that the program was only given the rules of the game and a reward system for when it gets points, without seeing any examples of how the game is played. What this resulted in is the program coming up with strategies that humans did not even think of during the entire existence of the game! The program got so smart that it also kept beating the original AlphaGo trained using the Supervised ML technique. After all this happened, the world champion in Go studied the gameplay of AlphaGo Zero to make himself better. So now a human’s approach to learning has been inspired/guided by a machine!

Now just think about phenomenon being applied in other contexts. For example, in the field of marketing, a particular program given with the objective of identifying consumer buying behavior patterns coming up with some interesting insights that humans never thought of before and that would radically change the way we think about how to market products. This will certainly be also true for endless other fields especially in science, leading to disruption not only in these fields but also in the thinking patterns of humans!

Do you agree that Unsupervised AI can inspire humans in the future down paths that we never thought of before, or are you one of the people that think that AI will replace us completely? Do you have more examples of how humans can be inspired by AI? Please share your thoughts in the comments.

References

Brynjolfsson, E. and McAfee, A. 2017. The Business of Artificial Intelligence. Harvard Business Review.

The Economist (2017). The latest AI can work things out without being taught. Retrieved October 21, 2017 from: https://www.economist.com/news/science-and-technology/21730391-learning-play-go-only-start-latest-ai-can-work-things-out-without?fsrc=scn/fb/te/bl/ed/thelatestaicanworkthingsoutwithoutbeingtaught

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