Stablecoins Are Not So Stable – Crypto

3

October

2021

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The popularity of cryptocurrency has been increasing over the years. According to the global crypto adoption index, in 2021 there has been an adoption increase of 880%. Even institutional money and cash of huge firms have been added into the crypto market. Names like Blackrock, Tesla, PayPal, and Square are all examples of organizations that have adopted Bitcoin in some form. There are even rumors that Amazon will soon allow payments to be made with cryptocurrencies.

Although the increase of adoption has a positive effect on the future of cryptocurrencies, there is still one elephant in the room to be addressed that makes further adoption more difficult: the high volatility of cryptocurrencies. Perhaps today you could still use your bitcoin to buy a shirt, but the opposite could be true for tomorrow. To solve this problem, stablecoins like Tether and Binance Coin were introduced to the crypto scene by crypto organizations. The idea behind this special digital money is that it is pegged with fiat USD on 1:1 ratio, which means that one does not need to be worried about losing buying power in the short-term. Just like normal fiat money, the only way for stablecoins to lose buying power is by inflation. The question remains, however, how are these crypto organizations able to keep the stablecoins pegged on a 1:1 ratio with the USD?

In theory, stablecoin organizations are able to produce an infinite amount of stablecoins. But in order to be pegged with the USD on a 1:1 ratio, the same amount of USD must be owned by the stablecoin provider on their balance sheet. The problem is that many stablecoin organizations do not allow external auditing, which means that nobody knows if stablecoins are really backed by fiat money. Therefore, stablecoins could turn out to be a ponzi scheme. Another problem is the fact that stablecoins are rumored to be backed by bonds, some even of the almost bankrupt Evergrande, risking the intrinsic value of stablecoins. Although as of today both potential problems have not been proven yet to be real, it is clear that the use of stablecoins is still quite risky, making the coin potentially to be worth $0.

Interestingly, even with this risk in mind, there is still lots of demand for stablecoins. In fact, one could earn up to 8.25% interest if they store their stablecoins on crypto banks or crypto exchanges. Compare that with the interest rate of barely a percent by fiat banks, this seems like a great way for the normal people to earn interest on their savings. To good to be true? Maybe.

Interest rates for stablecoins on Blockfi.

The reason for the high interest rate of stablecoins is due to the high demand of borrowing stablecoins by investors to speculate on the crypto market. Given the high volatility of cryptocurrency, this makes it possible for borrowers to have a high return of investment, using a part of their proceeds to fund the high interest rate. This concept is not new: fiat banks are doing the exact same. The only difference is that fiat money stored in fiat banks are insured by the government. In other words, if the borrowers are not able to pay back their debt, the government could still save the fiat bank and its customers with funding. The unregulated crypto banks and exchanges, however, are not insured, making it very risky to lend out stablecoins. Earning interest on stablecoins is thus high-risk high reward. Not to mention what could happen to the value of your lend out stablecoins once it is clear that it is perhaps a ponzi scheme. It was not a surprise when some governments are planning to come with their own stablecoins. China has done it.

To conclude, current stablecoins are not that stable as they seem to be. Not for daily use, and not for storing in your savings account. However, it is still quite useful for high-risk high reward investing strategies. Are you into that? Let me know in the comment section below.

https://www.cnbc.com/2021/09/21/evergrande-crisis-could-drag-down-tether-and-other-cryptocurrencies.html

https://cointelegraph.com/news/how-the-digital-yuan-stablecoin-impacts-crypto-in-china-experts-answer

https://www.pymnts.com/cryptocurrency/2021/stablecoins-under-the-microscope-as-us-preps-digital-currency-framework/

https://blog.chainalysis.com/reports/2021-global-crypto-adoption-index

https://www.forbes.com/sites/lawrencewintermeyer/2021/08/12/institutional-money-is-pouring-into-the-crypto-market-and-its-only-going-to-grow/?sh=64bbb24d1459

https://www.cnbc.com/2021/07/23/amazon-is-hiring-a-digital-currency-and-blockchain-expert.html

https://cointelegraph.com/news/tether-promises-an-audit-in-months-as-paxos-claims-usdt-is-not-a-real-stablecoin

https://ronaldmulder.medium.com/why-stablecoins-make-no-sense-999490b08910

https://blockfi.com/rates/

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‘Energy Shaming’ is the new ‘Fat Shaming’ – Crypto thé solution?

9

September

2021

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The paradigm of global climate change has been continuously shifting for decades. Currently, it is argued that global warming is the cause of human-induced emissions of greenhouse gasses. If no further measures are taken, it is possible that the Earth will be warmer by 1.5 – 2 degrees Celsius. This could lead to many natural disasters, some even affecting regions in Western countries that are in the present hard to imagine. Think about extreme drought, floods and wildfires in the Netherlands – a very strange concept to grasp. There was even a study published that suggested that more global pandemics will follow due to climate change, marking the COVID-19 pandemic as the start of many more.

It is clear that the current school of taught about the future of climate change is as concerning as hippie inspired water preserving practices in restrooms such as “If it’s yellow, let it mellow. If it’s brown, flush it down”. I would never wish someone to live in such a world, especially when your daily concerns are natural disasters (or that your toilet water is always yellow for that matter). Fortunately, decades of climate change research had not been taken for granted by many world leaders, causing them to sign the Paris Agreement in 2016. It is an agreement, in which a collective goal is stated to reach net-zero emission by the second half of the 21st century.

Unfortunately, many companies do not fully comply to the Paris Agreement. Of course, most companies will admit the existence of climate change and the importance of taking actions. However, it is the extent to which they will work on it that is questionable. At the end of the day, they want to continue making profits under conditions of certainty, which in this case is extending their current practices for as long as possible. Shell is a great example of a company being reluctant about implementing green policies as fast as possible. H&M, another ‘committed’ company with bold green statements.

To prevent cancel culture, that is banning a certain entity from their life, companies like Shell and H&M would market themselves as green. Just as how some people do not like to be fat shamed, companies do not want to be ‘energy shamed’, otherwise they could lose customers and thus revenue. Unlike fat shaming that is extremely unhealthy to be practiced on, the practice of energy shaming could actually be a great starting point for a greener tomorrow. Here is a hint how: blockchain technology.

Energy Web (EW) is a non-profit organization that uses open-source blockchain technology to keep track of which companies are using green energy for their daily operations. The idea is that individuals and companies receive incentives to join EW’s network of validators on the blockchain. Doing so, all the involved stakeholders could check upon each other if they are using clean energy or not. Since it uses blockchain technology, it is therefore impossible for companies to lie about their energy sources. Thus, if a stakeholder does not believe that Shell is using green energy, one could easily check that on EW’s network. This is quite plausible given how many established companies are already part of this network (like Shell). It is also the nature of EW being open-source that makes it more reliable.

Then the question arises: what does the validator actually check to confirm the use of green energy? Simply said, being part of EW’s network, means that you have to buy green energy from grid operators that are EW and European Union (or any other regulatory body) approved as for being a green energy supplier. The idea is that companies receive a number of certificates per volume kWh energy that they order from these grid operators. These certificates are called Energy Web Tokens (EWT), that could be validated on EW’s network. EWTs also state where the energy comes from and when it was generated. Thus, in other words, if H&M wants to check if Shell is using clean energy, it would check if Shell possesses the right amount of EWTs through EW’s network. If it appears that Shell is lying about their energy sources, Shell could be energy shamed, likely by its direct competitors like BP.

Is energy shaming going to solve climate change entirely? Probably not. However, it is a great steppingstone to encourage companies to use clean energy. Hopefully, if the world gets greener, I can retire without any stress about the environment or any peculiar hippie practices.

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References

https://www.energyweb.org/about/what-we-do/

https://www.medium.com/energy-web-insights/issuing-certificates-with-the-ew-origin-sdk-part-ii-e18fa907c57

https://www.shell.com/media/news-and-media-releases/2021/shell-confirms-decision-to-appeal-court-ruling-in-netherlands-climate-case.html

https://www.shell.com/energy-and-innovation/digitalisation/news-room/blockchain-building-trust-to-enable-the-energy-transition.html

https://www.pressroom.ifc.org/all/pages/PressDetail.aspx?ID=18195

https://www.green.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/05/22/hippies-hollywood-and-the-flush-factor/

https://www.propublica.org/article/climate-infectious-diseases

https//www.yaleclimateconnections.org/2021/08/1-5-or-2-degrees-celsius-of-additional-global-warming-does-it-make-a-difference

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