How Digitalisation Affects Accounting

8

October

2021

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Nowadays, instead of focusing on historical data, accountants are taking more strategic roles to become business decision makers. The digital world has enabled companies to capture massive data for their decision-making processes, and financial intelligence professionals shall face up to this radical change. This blog demonstrates what an accountant does in a non-digital context and how the profession is affected by digitalisation. 

The role of traditional accounting

In traditional accounting, financial accountants mostly prepare and confirm the accuracy of companies’ historical financial data, ensuring taxes are paid on time while organizing and maintaining firms’ financial information. According to a study (IMA), around 50% -75% of accounting teams are repeating low-value tasks, while 56% of them are under heavy workloads at the same time. 

How the digital world disrupts traditional accountants

As businesses go digital, the duty of traditional accountants is being revolutionised. Digitalisation generates big data, which radically changes the way enterprises make decisions, from experience and gut-based to data-driven decision making. With financial data savvy and a deep understanding of companies’ operations , accountants shall upgrade their daily tasks to a strategic level. According to Bhimani (2021), the following three trends are inevitable:

  1. Accountants should focus more on predictive insights. With an increasing demand for foresighted data analysis,  descriptive financial reports can no longer fulfill the requirements of companies’ executives.  New-era accountants shall therefore capture the value of big data and come up with insightful predictive reports to serve managers’ needs. 
  2. Create insights from new types of information systems. Digitalisation do not only provide more economic data , but also capture more non-financial information with a great potential facilitating organisaitons’ change. Hence, accountants shall equip themselves with skill sets generating insightful findings from all types of information system, such as data-collecting device and IoT system. 
  3. Subject to more ethical issues  and responsibilities. Due to the amount of data collected from people and entities, accountants are naturally poised to encounter more ethical dilemmas, thus more responsibilities. For example, accountants shall stay updated with data privacy regulations while implementing their daily tasks. 

Overall, technologies should support accountants rather than killing them. Accounting professionals are actually freed by automation and data-driven technologies, not constrained (Higgins, 2021). On one hand, it requires more qualitative input from accountants as businesses go digital. On the other hand, accountants have more chances to participate in strategic decision-making processes. Therefore, organisations should wisely invest in information technologies to free the hands of accountants from repetitive tasks, transforming them into creative strategic decision makers.

References:
Higgins, M. (2021, May 19). The Future Of Accounting: How Will Digital Transformation Impact Accountants? Retrieved October 8, 2021, from https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbestechcouncil/2021/05/19/the-future-of-accounting-how-will-digital-transformation-impact-accountants/?sh=2d02ddc853fb

As businesses go digital, accounting takes on a new meaning. (2021, June 17). Retrieved October 8, 2021, from https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/businessreview/2021/06/18/as-businesses-go-digital-accounting-takes-on-a-new-meaning/

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The myth of crypto exchange

1

October

2021

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Early 2021, the US’s largest Crypto exchange Coinbase went listed on Nasdaq, a traditional stock exchange, through a direct listing process. In this article, we will shed some light on the development of crypto exchanges, and some concerns regarding their liquidity and legal risks.

Decentralised exchange and centralised exchange

Crypto exchanges have two different types: centralised exchange and decentralised exchange . A centralised exchange shares similar functions with a stock exchange, where they trade tokens instead of shares, with a central authority managing the platform. A decentralised exchange (DEX) instead is an application impacted by decentralised finance (Defi), solely acting as a non-custodial marketplace where peers can freely exchange cryptocurrencies. The first cryptocurrency exchange emerged in 2009, where people can trade bitcoins with different currencies. Some well-known centralised exchanges today are Coincase, Binance and Gemini (Arora, 2021). As for the decentralised exchanges such as Uniswap, they only facilitate crypto exchanges but not trading with fiat currencies.

Concerns and risks

While choosing which exchanges to trade or list their tokens, investors and companies need to pay attention to the liquidity of different exchanges.  Companies can issue tokens instead of shares as a method to raise capital, however, not all exchanges are liquid enough to benefit investors and fund raisers. According to incomplete research, over 500 crypto exchanges are competing in the market (Schueffel, 2019). Concerns are that liquidity figures of each exchange are self-reported with insufficient evidence and audit to prove their authenticity. For example, if an exchange claims to have two million users, no trustful document can provide the genuineness of this figure.

In addition, not all exchanges are regulated, choosing unregulated ones could be riskier for both companies and investors. An LSE blog (Mosioma, Walker, 2021) pointed out that only four of the largest crypto exchanges are significantly regulated. Although regulated, the focus is on anti-money laundering and due diligence matters rather than trading (Mosioma, Walker, 2021).  Therefore, investors are not yet protected by existing regulations.

Overall, unlike traditional stock exchanges that are legally scrutinised and well-structured, the crypto exchanges are still immature and subject to controversy. With the Chinese government officially banned cryptocurrency trading, it is worth investigating whether the crypto exchanges will take actions to build a more transparent and trustworthy trading environment.

References

Arora, K., 2021. Centralized and Decentralized Cryptocurrency Exchanges | Analytics Steps. [online] Analyticssteps.com. Available at: <https://www.analyticssteps.com/blogs/centralized-and-decentralized-cryptocurrency-exchanges> [Accessed 1 October 2021].

Walker, M. and Mosioma, W., 2021. Regulated cryptocurrency exchanges: sign of a maturing market or oxymoron?. [online] LSE Business Review. Available at: <https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/businessreview/2021/04/13/regulated-cryptocurrency-exchanges-sign-of-a-maturing-market-or-oxymoron/> [Accessed 1 October 2021].

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