Playing With Fire: A Reflection On GenAI Tools

1

October

2025

5/5 (1)

Before I embarked on my B-school journey, I was working in the field of data engineering & visualization. I loved exploring tech products, both as part of my professional research as well as my personal curiosity. Hence, it was no surprise that I was one of the first ones in my near circles who started playing around with ChatGPT (back in late 2022). I still remember my initial conversations where I asked it to be an ancient Hindu philosopher and then carried out a whole conversation on not-so-light-hearted topics. I was awestruck at the comprehensiveness of the knowledge that it could cover, and the novelty sure took some time in wearing off.

With subsequent version updates and the GenAI boom of 2023, my interactions with such tools kept increasing. They served primarily two helpful purposes. Firstly, they functioned as amazing workflow accelerators. Academic studies suggest the productivity impact is real. At work, I would often use LLMs to help out with general syntax and boilerplate code. This included me coding first drafts, and the LLM letting me iterate faster on the right questions instead of labouring on the first drafts. As the coding capabilities of LLMs have gotten increasingly sophisticated (I have tried ChatGPT, Claude Code & Cursor AI at this point), they have come in handy for data-centric courses at my B – School as well. Secondly, these tools can serve as great creative sparring partners. For my management courses assignments, I would often drop in my idea and then brainstorm with ChatGPT on refinements. I remember an instance where my objective was to pitch a deep tech startup idea, and it took two half-baked ideas (from previous conversations) and suggested a linkup. GPT-4–style models show how multimodal inputs are expanding such flexible uses, letting text and images talk to each other in the same session. What surprises me often is how these tools (especially Claude, in my experience) expose new strategic levers & are often great companions for ideation.

But these explorations have not entirely been celebratory in nature. There are several downsides that I have faced while using these tools. First is the infamous hallucination hazard. Once, I was required to gather data and do some market sizing calculations. When I tried to search for the data using ChatGPT, it straight-up invented incorrect figures in order to satisfy my request, thereby showcasing the tendency to hallucinate if the task is not straightforward. Second is the inability to perform overly complex analytical/mathematical tasks currently. When it comes to code, while it does a great job in syntactical changes and editing reusable code blocks, it struggles in solving complex architectural problems or working with advanced models. As part of a sports analytics course, I was required to run random forest & XGBoost models on various datasets. While LLMs could help with generating the code template, they struggled to grasp the tuning of hyperparameters.
My professional and academic usage of these tools has often made me wish for certain improvements as well. Firstly, I’d like them to attach sources behind every piece of analysis they do by default and make those links more accessible (and not 3 clicks away or dependent on deep research modes). Secondly, I’d like these tools to have certain modes and variations within those modes. For example, they could have modes such as “Analytical”, “Creative”, “Fact-based”, etc., and the “Creative” mode could have variations such as “High in novelty”, “High in quirkiness”, etc.

The reader must understand that in no way I am trying to complain about the current status of these LLMs. I feel the pace with which GenAI has evolved is astonishing, to say the least. Through this blog post, I’m just aiming to highlight that these tools are messy collaborators — brilliant at exploration, fragile at facts & implementation. Hence, one must be cautious while trying to use them in high stake scenarios or treating them as oracles.

References:
Bick, A., Blandin, A., & Deming, D. (2025). The impact of generative AI on work productivity. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. https://www.stlouisfed.org/on-the-economy/2025/feb/impact-generative-ai-work-productivity
OpenAI. (2023). GPT-4 technical report. OpenAI. https://cdn.openai.com/papers/gpt-4.pdf

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Platform Envelopment in Action: The Jio Juggernaut

22

September

2025

5/5 (1)

Any Indian who has witnessed the rapid digitisation of the country in the last decade, including the unprecedented rate of mobile & internet penetration, would be well versed with what Reliance Jio is. Launched in 2016 by Reliance Industries Limited, the conglomerate owned by billionaire Mukesh Ambani, it was Jio that disrupted India’s telecom market by offering voice & data services at extremely low prices. Coupled with its aggressive investments in expanding infrastructure, Jio’s disruption enabled millions of Indians get access to the Internet. But while India’s digitisation has had far-reaching ramifications across industries, it is not my intention to discuss them here. What I aim to accomplish through this blog post is to shed some light on how Jio is trying to execute one of the most aggressive platform envelopment strategies in recent history.

Academic literature defines platform envelopment as ‘one platform provider entering another’s market by combining its functionality with the target’s in a multi-platform bundle’. Jio’s evolution from a mobile network operator to an all-encompassing digital ecosystem is a perfect encapsulation of this strategy. Over the last few years, Jio has leveraged its user base of 450 million + users to expand into e-commerce (JioMart), media & entertainment (JioCinema, JioSaavn), financial services (JioPay, JioMoney), and even cloud services (JioCloud). Exploiting the demand economies of scale in media and entertainment, it even acquired the Disney + Hotstar streaming platform. Bundling its telecom services with premium entertainment content, it has demonstrated a typical ‘Foreclosure’ attack towards standalone streaming platforms such as Netflix, HBO, etc. Its most recent move is the launch of Jio Financial Services (JFS), a comprehensive, full-stack financial services powerhouse. It now operates across lending, payments, insurance, wealth management, and broking (growing 10x faster than its legacy peers, if it succeeds, we might be witnessing birth of India’s first fintech SuperApp). What has appealed to me the most about Jio’s digital ecosystem strategy is that its expansion focused a lot on tier-2 & tier-3 cities in India, where digital literacy was on the rise but penetration remained relatively low. This enabled it to capture users early on in their digital journey.

Image Courtesy: Finshots

But it is this pace and scale that has me worried as well! Even if one ignores Jio’s parent conglomerate’s presence in almost every sector in India, Jio’s own platform envelopment is not devoid of monopolizing elements. A platform’s growing dominance across multiple sectors has the potential to stifle innovation and make it tougher for regulators to establish competitive fairness. Jio has already faced predatory pricing-related lawsuits in the past. In a country with a per capita GDP of 2500 USD, a majority Jio’s user base just does not have enough bargaining power to safeguard itself against any anti-competitive measures that Jio might take in future. Experts also argue that in an emerging economy like India,  bundling of services under one umbrella might not turn out to be the best idea for the digital ecosystem. It will hamper the innovation in this ecosystem and create a monopoly. While there are multiple companies competing with Jio in the race to design the ultimate Indian superapp, as someone who would like to see India climb the ladder of digital innovation rather than dig a well of copycat businesses, I sure hope this race never sees its end!

References:
Eisenmann, T., Parker, G., and Van Alstyne, M.W. 2006. Strategies for two-sided markets. Harvard Business Review 84(10) 92-101. https://hbr.org/2006/10/strategies-for-two-sided-markets

McCormick, P. (October, 2020). Reliance: Gateway of India, Part I: The History and Present of Reliance Industries, from Dhirubhai to Jio. https://www.notboring.co/p/reliance-gateway-of-india

Bhattacharya, A. (July, 2022). Investors in wannabe super apps must remember that India is not China. https://qz.com/india/1765349/why-paytm-ola-flipkart-jio-shouldnt-try-to-be-wechat-of-india

Singh, S. (n.d.). The Predatory Pricing case against Reliance Jio: Did CCI Miss an Opportunity to Rejuvenate Indian Telecom Sector? https://www.icle.in/resource/the-predatory-pricing-case-against-reliance-jio-did-cci-miss-an-opportunity-to-rejuvenate-indian-telecom-sector/

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